There is increasing evidence that, apart from sleeping, just sitting for extended periods is harmful - even for people who are very active at other times of the day. Our bodies appear to have evolved to be in motion or at least standing. Gretchen Reynolds notes some research that looked at muscle biopsies on some men after a short sedentary period.
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Studies of daily movement patterns, though, show that your typical modern exerciser, even someone who runs, subsequently sits for hours afterward, often moving less over all than on days when he or she does not work out.
The health consequences are swift, pervasive and punishing. In a noteworthy recent experiment conducted by scientists at the University of Massachusetts and other institutions, a group of healthy young men donned a clunky platform shoe with a 4-inch heel on their right foot, leaving the left leg to dangle above the ground. For two days, the men hopped about using crutches (and presumably gained some respect for those people who regularly toddle about in platform heels). Each man’s left leg never touched the ground. Its muscles didn’t contract. It was fully sedentary.
After two days, the scientists biopsied muscles in both legs and found multiple genes now being expresse differently in each man’s two legs. Gene activity in the left leg suggested that DNA repair mechanisms had been disrupted, insulin response was dropping, oxidative stress was rising, and metabolic activity within individual muscle cells was slowing after only 48 hours of inactivity.
In similar experiments with lab animals, casts have been placed on their back legs, after which the animals rapidly developed noxious cellular changes throughout their bodies, and not merely in the immobilized muscles. In particular, they produced substantially less of an enzyme that dissolves fat in the bloodstream. As a result, in animals and humans, fat can accumulate and migrate to the heart or liver, potentially leading to cardiac disease and diabetes.
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Sedentary research is active and professional organizations are emerging. Most of the recommendations I've seen are that you should get up an walk around a bit every hour. Nothing really dramatic is necessary - just a bit of movement. Standing a lot is also good - standing desks may be just the ticket if you can make the transition. It is very important to note that this is quite separate from general exercise and it is good to be doig that too.
obligation does not drive altruism
sort of obvious, but this is the first time I've heard about a study...
Genuine and innate motivation to do something rather than a reaction to a command seems purer ...
17:34 in General Commentary, Religion | Permalink | Comments (0) | TrackBack (0)